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2014 ANNUAL REPORT 99 information on the factors influencing the immobilization reactions that are important to both environmental reme- diation and nuclear fuel reprocessing. We believe that understanding the products of theseTc reactions will enable the development of better immobilization methods and poten- tially superior separation methods. Since examining theTc compounds should be a fairly straightforward process our goal is to analyze this data quickly. In order to expedite the development of a base of informa- tion for further exploration we have proposed that the work and analysis be performed in 2013 and 2014. Accomplishments Under the guidance of JeffTerry at the Illinois Institute ofTechnology graduate students Kim Reinig and Rachel Seibert ran the EXAFS and XANES spectra at the APS. They used X-ray absorption spectros- copy XAS to investigate the reaction ofTcO4 with the unsaturated acids maleic acid and fumaric acid in the presence of sulfide. Nuclear magnetic resonance NMR of these reactions has shown that sulfide reacts across the double bond forming mercaptosuc- cinic acid MSA or dimercaptosuccinic acid DMSA.The resulting mercapto- acids then chelate theTc and hinder or even prevent its immobilization to technetium heptasulfide Tc2S7.They also prevent or hinderTcs adsorption into another minerals surface. Tc2S7 is the product formed through the reaction ofTcO4 with sulfide in the absence of unsaturated acids.The Tc standard complexes TcOMSA21- and TcODMSA21- were used as comparators for the reactions of maleic acid and fumaric acid withTcO4 in the presence of sodium sulfide Na2S. The following seven solid samples were analyzed by Reinig and Seibert at the APS. Graduate students Kim Reinig left and Rachel Seibert right in the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory.